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2026,47(1):1-7 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25614
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Patients with cancer often suffer from high nutritional risk and prevalence of malnutrition; and the latter two are obviously associated with bad effects of anti-tumor treatment, worsen life quality, and increased risk of mortality. Based on the newest nutritional support guidelines released by American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition(ASPEN), European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism(ESPEN), Chinese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition(CSPEN), and Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO), this article try to elaborate systematically on the “screening-assessment-diagnosis-treatment” closed-loop path for the whole-range nutritional therapy for cancer patients. The paper covers the timing and tools for nutritional risk screening, principles of energy and nutrient supplementation, nutritional therapy during perioperative period and radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the “five-level” model of nutritional support, and home nutritional support, etc. For cancer patients, early screening, individualized assessment, and optimal nutrition therapy should be highlighted. Furthermore, nutritional therapy should also be integrated with other anti-cancer intervention during the whole range of cancer treatment, thus to improve nutritional status, increase treatment tolerance, reduce risk of complications, and improve life quality and survival.
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ZHANG Siyu, WANG Hanyu, ZHU Fangzhou, GU Yebo, JIA Xinming
2026,47(1):8-14 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25089
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ObjectiveTo elucidate the key mechanisms that Aspergillus fumigatus(A. fumigatus) orchestrates pulmonary immune evasion through γδT cell-mediated regulation of the interferon-gamma(IFN-γ) signaling pathway. MethodsA mouse model of A. fumigatus lung infection with tongue pressure infection was contructed: wild type(WT) mice were infected with A. fumigatus AF293 and the lung tissues were collected on 2 d, 4 d of infection for flow cytometry to analyze the proportion of γδT cells and their subsets. Infection of AF293 was performed on TCRδ KO(TCRδ-/-) mice, and the whole spleen cells of WT mice were transferred to TCRδ-/- mice for infection to detect changes in lung bacterial load. Using the swollen conidia of A. fumigatus, the γδT cells were stimulated in vitro with multiplicity of infection(MOI)=1 and 5, and the levels of interferon(IFN)-γ, interleukin(IL)-17A, and interleukin(IL)-4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the cell supernatant of the PBS control group(0h) and at 3h, 6h, and 24h after stimulation, respectively. Finally, flow cytometry was used to analyze and compare the differences in the proportion of neutrophils and macrophages in the lung of WT and TCRδ-/- mice before and after infection. ResultsAfter infection with A. fumigatus(AF293), wild-type(WT) mice showed a significant increase in the proportion of pulmonary γδT cells(P=0.0001), with the expansion of the Vγ1 subgroup being the main one. The lung bacterial load of TCRδ-/- mice was significantly lower than that in WT mice (P=0.0112), while the adoptive transfer of whole spleen cells in WT mice restored the susceptibility of TCRδ -/- mice(P=0.0001). In vitro experiments indicated that the level of IFN-γ was significantly downregulated(P=0.0487) when stimulated by swollen conidia of AF293 on γδT cells for 24 hours. In addition, flow cytometry analysis showed that compared with WT mice, the proportion of pulmonary macrophages in TCRδ-/- mice was significantly reduced(P=0.0054), while no significant difference was observed in neutrophil recruitment. ConclusionA. fumigatus mediates pulmonary immune evasion by negatively regulating the IFN-γ signaling pathway through γδT cells, thereby suppressing macrophage recruitment and fungal clearance. This study elucidates the functional role of the γδT cell-IFN-γ axis in fungal immune evasion and provides a novel theoretical foundation for immunotargeted therapies against invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
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XING Zhonggang, JIA Wangya, LI Jian, JI Lili, XU Hong, SUN Yi
2026,47(1):15-25 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25395
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ObjectiveTo Explore the mechanism of luteolin-7-O-glucoside(LUT-7G) in alleviating metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD). MethodsThe C57BL/6J Mice were fed with a high-fat diet(HFD) for 12 weeks to induce the MAFLD model, and for the last four weeks, oral gavage treatment with LUT-7G(30, 60 mg/kg) was applied. The activity of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in the serum of mice, the content of triglyceride(TG) and non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA) in the liver of mice were detected; and the staining of hematoxylin and eosin(HE), Oil Red O, F4/80 and Ly6G of liver were examined for pathological changes in the liver of the mice; the real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR) was used to detect change of mRNA levels of interleukin(IL) 6 and IL-1b; all above methods were performed to assess the alleviating efficacy of LUT-7G on liver injury, lipid accumulation, and inflammatory infiltration in HFD-fed mice. Western blotting was used to investigate the effect of luteoloside administration on the nuclear translocation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α(PPARα) protein in both an in vivo model and an in vitro model of lipid accumulation induced by NEFA(oleic acid∶palmitic acid=2∶1) in HepaRG cells. Additionally, Western blotting and RT-PCR were employed to examine changes in the expression levels of genes encoding PPARα downstream factors involved in fatty acid oxidation, as well as the protein level of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A(CPT1A). Molecular docking, microscale thermophoresis(MST), and cellular thermal shift assay(CETSA) were used to detect the interactions of LUT-7G and PPARɑ. BODIPY fluorescence staining was used to assess the effect of GW6471 on the lipid-lowering properties of LUT-7G in vitro. ResultsLUT-7G(30,60mg/kg) reducted NAFLD activity score(NAS)(P<0.05), the TG and NEFA content in liver and serum(P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001), and hepatic inflammatory cell infiltration, the mRNA levels of IL-6 and IL-1b in HFD mice(P<0.05). Mechanistically, LUT-7G promoted PPARα nuclear translocation and upregulated fatty oxidation-related genes and CPT1A protein expression to increase fatty metabolism in vivo and in vitro(P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001); furthermore, LUT-7G directly binds PPARα to activate it(P<0.05), and the lipid-lowering effect of LUT-7G in vitro was reversed by GW6471, an inhibitor of PPARα. ConclusionLUT-7G ameliorates HFD-induced MAFLD in mice by activating the hepatic PPARα signaling pathway through direct binding to PPARα.
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KONG Dece, YANG Yiqian, ZHANG Dehua, ZHANG Shuai
2026,47(1):26-35 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25270
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of miR-642a-3p on osteoclast differentiation and its underlying mechanism. MethodsThe THP-1 cell line was first induced to differentiate into macrophages using phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate(PMA, 100ng/mL) for 24 hours. Subsequently, an osteoclast differentiation model was established by treating these macrophages with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL, 50ng/mL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF, 30ng/mL) for 3,5, and 8 days, respectively. The miR-642a-3p knockdown(Sh-miR-642a-3p) cell model was constructed via lentiviral transduction. Osteoclast bone resorption capacity was evaluated using the bone resorption pit assay and TRAP staining. Quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) and Western blotting(WB) methods were performed to detect the expression levels of miR-642a-3p, osteoclast differentiation marker genes(NFATc1, CTSK, ACP5), osteoclast-specific proteins(MMP9, NFATc1, CTSK), and key signaling molecules [epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)-1α]. Bioinformatics analysis(utilizing TargetScan, miRDB, DisGeNET databases, and the GSE35958 dataset) was employed to predict miR-642a-3p target genes and associated regulatory pathways. ResultsDuring osteoclast differentiation, the area of bone resorption pits increased significantly in a time-dependent manner(peaking on day 8, P<0.01). The TRAP staining showed that the osteoclasts were larger, more numerous, and dark in cytoplasm on day 8. Concurrently, the mRNA levels of osteoclast differentiation marker genes and the protein levels of osteoclast-specific markers were significantly up-regulated over time(peaking on day 8, P<0.001). The expression level of miR-642a-3p also significantly increased with induction time(peaking on day 8, P<0.05). Knockdown of miR-642a-3p resulted in a significant reduction in the resorption pit area(P<0.01), the number of osteoclasts was significantly reduced, and the expression of both osteoclast differentiation marker genes and osteoclast-specific proteins were down-regulated(P<0.05). The bioinformatics analysis indicated that miR-642a-3p regulated the HIF-1α pathway, with EGFR identified as a key differentially expressed gene(DEG) associated with osteoporosis(P<0.05). Experimental validation confirmed that the expression of both EGFR and HIF-1α were up-regulated during osteoclast differentiation, and this up-regulation was synchronously suppressed upon miR-642a-3p knockdown(P<0.05). ConclusionmiR-642a-3p promotes osteoclast differentiation by activating the HIF-1α/EGFR signaling pathway, and could be a potential therapeutic target for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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GENG Rui, QIN Xueyan, QIAO Xiaohong, LU Shuanglong
2026,47(1):36-45 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25161
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ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in gut microbial enzyme profiles and their potential interactions with host gene expression in children with precursor B-cell(pre-B) acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL). MethodsThe differences in gut microbial enzyme abundance between pre-B ALL children and healthy controls were compared. Metabolic network analysis and host gene expression data and co-culture experiments of Bifidobacterium longum with ALL NALM6 cells were used to explore the functional connections between altered microbial functions and host gene expression changes. ResultsSignificant alterations in gut microbial enzyme abundance were observed in ALL children compared to healthy controls, e.g. adenosine deaminase(P=0.0146) and dimethylargininase activity(P=0.0119). Metabolic pathways related to short-chain fatty acid and glucose metabolism, including pyruvate-malate carboxylase, were dysregulated in the gut microbiota of ALL children. Interestingly, a synergistic relationship was identified between altered microbial functions and host gene expression changes. Several microbial enzymes had corresponding human isoenzymes(including multiple genes such as ALDH, DDAH, ME2, ALDH7A1, and ALDH1A1) that exhibited synchronized upregulation in ALL children. In co-culture with Bifidobacterium longum, ALDH7A1 protein expression in ALL NALM6 cells was significantly reduced(P=0.0407). ConclusionGut microbial enzyme dysbiosis is associated with altered host gene expression in pre-B ALL children. These findings suggest that targeting the gut microbiome may hold therapeutic potential for ALL.
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LAI Yongxian, ZHAO Sijia, NI Na, ZHANG Xiaodie, CHENG Yile, DING Xiaofeng
2026,47(1):46-52 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25418
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of Baicao lotion(BL) combined with minoxidil in treating androgenetic alopecia(AGA) across age groups. MethodsA total of 94 patients with AGA treated at the Hair Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital from January to June in 2024 were included. The patients were divided by age into a youth group(≤34 years, 34 cases), a middle-aged group(35-44 years, 26 cases), and an elderly group(≥45 years, 34 cases). Each group was randomly assigned to either a control group(5% minoxidil) or a treatment group(BL+5% minoxidil). The marked effectiveness rate, total effectiveness rate, hair density, and adverse reactions were compared among the groups. ResultsCombination therapy demonstrated superior efficacy to monotherapy across all age groups, though with a declining benefit gradient with advancing age: the overall response rate was 94.1% versus 82.4% in youth, 92.3% versus 76.9% in middle-aged, and 66.5% versus 58.8% in elderly patients. Hair density improvement showed age-dependent effects, with the most significant increase in youth and the least in elderly groups(P<0.05). Safety profiles were comparable across age groups(P>0.05), with mild pruritus(11.8%) mainly in youth, drug-induced dermatitis(15.4%) in middle-aged, and local erythema(11.8%) in elderly patients. No serious adverse events occurred. ConclusionThe efficacy of Baicao lotion combined with 5% minoxidil in treating AGA decreases with age, with the most significant benefit observed in the youth, and it demonstrates good safety across all age groups.
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HUANG Dongdong, CHEN Yang, ZHAO Qinhua, LIU Jinming, WANG Lan
2026,47(1):53-59 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25204
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ObjectiveTo compare the clinical characteristics of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary hypertension(CTDs-PAH) with or without interstitial lung disease(ILD) and its value in prediction of prognosis. MethodsA total of 301 CTDs-PAH patients hospitalized in the Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital of Affiliated to Tongji University from January 2010 to December 2023 were collected. All the patients were diagnosed via right heart catheterization. All the patients were divided into two groups: the non-ILD group(n=225) and the ILD group(n=76). The differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared, and Cox regression analysis was applied to determine the factors related to the increased risk of death. Compare the differences of clinical characteristics among the three most common types of CTDs-PAH [systemic lupus erythematosus group(SLE-PAH, n=141), Sjogrens syndrome group(pSS-PAH, n=70), and systemic sclerosis group(SSc-PAH, n=32)]. ResultsThe average age of onset for CTDs-PAH patients with ILD was(47.60±7.13) years, it was significantly higher than that in patients without ILD(P<0.001). Seventy-four percent of CTDs-PAH patients with ILD had already reached WHO-FC Ⅲ/Ⅳ at the initial diagnosis(P=0.028), 6-MWD was even worse(P<0.001). Patients with ILD had lower FVC%, FEV1%, and TLC%(all P<0.001), and poorer diffusion function(P=0.001). The results of Cox regression analysis indicated that WHO-FC [HR(95%CI) was 2.906(1.333-6.335), P=0.007] and combined with ILD[HR(95%CI) was 0.458(0.234-0.897), P=0.023] and DLCO [HR(95%CI) was 0.737(0.560-0.971), P=0.030] were independent risk factors for death. ILD was presented in 40.6% of SSc-PAH, which was significantly higher than that of SLE-PAH(12.5%) and pSS-PAH(28.6%)(P<0.001). The DLCO of SSc-PAH was significantly lower than that of SLE-PAH and pSS-PAH(both P<0.001). SLE-PAH was the least likely to be combined with ILD, and the SaO2 was also higher than that in pSS-PAH(P=0.009) and SSc-PAH(P=0.015). ConclusionWHO-FC Ⅲ/Ⅳ, combined with ILD and elevated DLCO are independent risk factors for predicting death in patients with CTDs-PAH. Early completion of chest HRCT and pulmonary function tests, as well as early intervention of ILD, can enhance clinical outcomes.
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YU Jianli, Lu Yunyun, FU Le, ZHANG Liwen, CHENG Jiejun
2026,47(1):60-66 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25252
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ObjectiveTo compare apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values and gestational outcomes in single chorionic twin pregnancies with diffusion-weighted imaging of the brain of the surviving fetus after singleton intrauterine death(SIUD) and radiofrequency ablation(RFA). MethodsThis retrospective analysis evaluated 39 cases of SIUD and 56 cases of RFA from March 2022 to December 2024, 25 pairs of normal twins were set as control. The ADC values of fetal brain regions(frontal lobe, occipital lobe, cerebellum, etc.) were detected by 1.5T MRI. Statistical methods such as independent sample t-test and chi-square analysis were used. The data of gestational weeks at delivery, birth weight, abnormal brain structure and postpartum neurodevelopment of the two groups were statistically analyzed. ResultsCompared with SIUD cases, RFA-treated pregnancies showed significantly earlier delivery(P<0.001), lower birth weights(P<0.001), and higher preterm birth(57.1% vs 28.2%) and fetal growth restriction rates. While SIUD had 7.69% fetal mortality(3 cases), all the RFA cases survived. MRI demonstrated elevated left occipital lobe ADC values(P=0.03) and smaller cerebellar diameters(P<0.001) in RFA group, with no other regional differences. There was no significant differences in the neonatal intensive care unit admission rates among the three groups(RFA group 53.6% vs SIUD group 62.2% vs normal group 74%; P>0.05). The rate of developmental delay was significantly lower in the normal twin group compared to the other two groups(RFA group 53.6% vs SIUD group 59.0% vs normal group 0%; P<0.001). Follow-up at 3 months postpartum showed no intergroup differences in short-term neurodevelopmental outcomes(P>0.05); however, long-term prognosis required further evaluation. ConclusionAlthough short-term neurodevelopmental outcomes are similar in the surviving fetuses in both the SIUD and RFA groups, the RFA procedure may lead to potential neuronal damage, and the risk of preterm birth is significantly increased in the RFA group, the findings provide a critical imaging rationale for the individualized management.
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RAO Fen, WU Ping, HU Zekai, SU Jianhua
2026,47(1):67-73 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25084
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ObjectiveTo analyze the associations between alanine aminotransferase(ALT) levels and nutritional metabolism indicators in older adults and identify their influencing factors. MethodsA total of 9565 community residents aged ≥65 years from Baoshan District, Shanghai, were enrolled between February and October in 2023. The data on demographics, anthropometric measurements including age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI) and waist circumference, as well as serum biochemical indices such as total cholesterol(TC), hemoglobin(Hb), high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) were collected. Based on Chinese reference standards, the participants were classified into normal and abnormal ALT groups. The anthropometric and metabolic parameters were compared between the two groups, correlation analysis was performed and the risk factors for abnormal ALT were analyzed. ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in indicators such as age, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), waist circumference(WC), total cholesterol(TC), hemoglobin(Hb), high-density lipoprotein(HDL), and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) between the two groups(all P<0.05). Height, weight, waist circumference(WC), hip circumference(HC), systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), and hemoglobin(Hb) were positively correlated withALT levels(all P<0.05); while HDL was negatively correlated with ALT levels,(P<0.05). The Logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI and high Hb were risk factors for abnormal alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(both P<0.05), whereas higher height, age, andHDL levels were protective factors for abnormal ALT(all P<0.05). ConclusionRegular screening of ALT and nutritional metabolism indicators in older adults can provide crucial information for health assessment and facilitate the development of targeted interventions to optimize nutritional status, and ultimately enhance the quality of life of the elderly population.
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HE Kan, LIU Yaping, WU Jie, DING Zhenmin, YANG Xiaohu
2026,47(1):74-80 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25125
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of intravenous lidocaine on the median effective dose of propofol required for induction during ureteral stent removal in male patients. MethodsA total of 50 male patients undergoing ureteral stent removal at Shanghai East Hospital between December 2022 and June 2024 were enrolled. The patients were randomized into two groups via a computer-generated random number sequence: the control group(intravenous normal saline) and the experimental group(intravenous lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg). Both groups received saline or lidocaine first, followed by slow intravenous injection of propofol 2 minutes later. The effective dose of propofol was determined using the modified Dixons method. Patient responses to ureteroscope insertion were classified as “movement” or “no movement” with propofol doses adjusted in 0.1mg/kg increments based on the previous patients response. The primary outcome was the median effective dose(ED50) of propofol for ureteroscope insertion in both groups. The secondary outcome measures included the total amount of propofol used in both groups, the incidence of hypoxemia, the hemodynamic changes at various time periods, the incidence of injection pain, and the postoperative pain score. ResultsFinally, a total of 48 male patients were included in this study, with 25 in the control group and 23 in the experimental group. The median effective dose(ED50) with 95% confidence interval(CI) of propofol required for successful ureteroscope insertion in the control group was 1.870mg/kg(1.811, 1.932), while that in the experimental group was 1.759mg/kg(1.698, 1.823). Compared with the control group, the ED50 of propofol required for anesthesia induction in the experimental group was significantly reduced. The difference in mean arterial pressure before and after induction was smaller, the total amount of propofol used was significantly decreased, and the incidence of hypoxemia was significantly reduced. ConclusionDuring ureteral stent removal in male patients, intravenous lidocaine can significantly reduce the ED50 of propofol required for anesthesia induction, decrease the total propofol usage, result in more stable hemodynamics after induction, and lower the incidence of intraoperative hypoxemia.
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WANG Jingjing, YAO Hongxia, ZHOU Weiqiang, GAO Yueqing, CHEN Ruiying, WANG Xiao, LIU Jie, PU Xiaowen
2026,47(1):81-87 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25153
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ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy(ALA-PDT) in treating persistent vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia 1(VaIN1) following CO2 laser treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 57 patients with persistent VaIN1 after CO2 laser treatment at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University from July 2022 to July 2024. The patients were divided into two groups: ALA-PDT(n=32) and CO2 laser therapy alone(n=25). Follow-up evaluations were performed for at least 6 months to compare the human papillomavirus(HPV)-negative conversion rate, VaIN1 cure rate, adverse reactions, and disease progression. ResultsThree months post-treatment, the HPV-negative conversion rate was 46.9% in the ALA-PDT group and 40.0% in the CO2 laser group. Six months post-treatment, the HPV-negative conversion rate was 50.0% and 40.0%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed in the HPV-negative conversion rates between the two groups at either 3 or 6 months post-treatment(both P>0.05). Regarding VaIN1 cure rate, three months post-treatment, the rate was 78.1% in the ALA-PDT group and 72.0% in the CO2 laser group; six months post-treatment, the rate was 87.5% and 72.0%, respectively. Again, no statistically significant difference was found in the VaIN1 cure rates between the two groups at either time point(both P>0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups post-treatment in vaginal bleeding, increased secretions, adhesion of the cervical canal or vaginal wall, and ulcer formation(all P<0.05). Adverse reactions in the ALA-PDT group were all mild and resolved within one week. In contrast, five patients in the CO2 laser group experienced local adhesions of the cervical canal or vagina, and four cases developed vaginal ulcers. Additionally, six months post-treatment, one patient in the ALA-PDT group progressed to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion(VaIN3). ConclusionALA-PDT represents a novel therapeutic approach for persistent VaIN1 following CO2 laser treatment, demonstrating a high cure rate and HPV clearance rate.
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LIU Yuan, CHEN Jiaxuan, HAN Yutong, TIAN Zhongping, YI Zhizhu, ZHANG Li
2026,47(1):88-95 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25169
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ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between biomarkers obtained from optical coherence tomography(OCT) with the prognosis of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nAMD) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF). MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed patients with nAMD who received anti-VEGF therapy at Shanghai Tongji Hospital between 1st October 2018 and 10th March 2023. Researchers retrieved the medical records of eligible patients from the electronic medical record system. The analysis dataset included baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, the number of anti-VEGF treatments, treatment duration, best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), and OCT biomarkers. ResultsA total of 80 eyes from 69 nAMD patients treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs were retrospectively reviewed. The generalized estimating equation(GEE) model showed that BCVA improvement peaked at months 2(0.070) and 3(0.058). At 6 months, eyes without baseline hyperreflective foci(HRF) showed significantly greater BCVA improvement(P=0.006). Among 68 eyes with a sufficiently long follow-up period, 24(35.29%) experienced recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with macular neovascularization(MNV) type 2 had a higher recurrence risk than those with type 1[odds ratio(OR)=3.37, 95%CI: 1.147-10.949, P=0.033]. High recurrence likelihood was also noted in eyes with subretinal fluid(SRF)(OR=7.667, P=0.059), HRF(OR=2.739, P=0.072), ellipsoid zone(EZ) disruption(OR=2.660, P=0.071), and female gender(OR=2.500, P=0.102). ConclusionIts suggested that baseline OCT biomarkers have the potential to offer prognostic information for nAMD treatment. Gender and HRF may indicate a better prognosis. Furthermore, MNV type 2 serves as a risk factor for disease recurrence within one year, while SRF, HRF, EZ disruption, and female gender are potential risk factors for recurrence.
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ZHANG Liyan, CHU Ying, FENG Xiaohui, GE Sheng
2026,47(1):96-103 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25175
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ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between dietary inflammatory index(DII) and acne severity, and to provide scientific basis for acne prevention and treatment. MethodsA total of 158 patients with acne treated at the Dermatology Clinic of a Grade-A hospital in Shanghai from June 2023 to January 2024 were included in this study. According to Pillsbury, the patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe acne group. A 7×24h dietary review questionnaire was used to collect dietary data and calculate the DII index. The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between DII and acne severity, and the restrictive cubic spline model was further used to analyze whether there was a non-linear relationship between the two. ResultsA total of 158 acne patients were included in this study, including 46 mild cases, 82 moderate cases and 30 severe cases. In the general population, after adjusting for covariates, the risk of severe acne increased by 135% for each 1-unit increase in DII(OR=2.35, 95%CI: 1.35-4.10, P=0.003). In the tertile-stratified analysis of the DII, compared with the lowest tripartite array, the middle tripartite array had a 152% increased risk of severe acne(OR=2.52, 95%CI=1.01-6.30, P=0.049) and the highest tripartite array had a 202% increased risk of severe acne(OR=3.02, 95%CI=1.13-8.09, P=0.028). The restricted cubic spline model showed a linear relationship between DII and severe acne. ConclusionDII is related to severe acne. The results of this study suggest that healthy diet can help to improve acne.
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YANG Ling, MA Honglong, SUN Shaoming, XIAO Jinyin
2026,47(1):104-111 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25297
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Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Fuzheng Jiedu Decoction(traditional Chinese medicine, TCM) combined with interferon(western medicine) in the treatment of persistent human papillomavirus(HPV) infection in infertile patients, and to provide reference for clinical practice. MethodsA prospective controlled study was conducted, enrolling 750 infertile patients with persistent HPV infection who were treated in the Cervical and Uterine Cavity Specialist Clinic of Changning District Maternity and Child Health Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022. According to treatment regimens, patients were divided into three groups: interferon group(Group A, n=240), Fuzheng Jiedu prescription group(Group B, n=260), and interferon combined with Fuzheng Jiedu prescription group(Group C, n=250). Baseline data including age, infertility duration, body mass index(BMI), TCM syndrome scores, HPV genotypes, and immune function indicators(CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+) were collected. Patients were followed up at 6 months after initiation of treatment. HPV clearance rates, TCM syndrome scores, and immune function indicators were compared among the three groups. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with HPV clearance. ResultsSignificant differences were observed among the three groups in baseline infertility duration, BMI, infection rates of other HPV genotypes, CD4+, CD3+, CD4+/CD8+, and TCM syndrome scores(P<0.05). After three treatment courses, the HPV clearance rate in Group C(93.60%) was significantly higher than that in Group A(66.25%, χ2=57.69, P <0.001) and Group B(67.69%, χ2=54.27, P<0.001). Post-treatment levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly increased compared with baseline in all groups, with Group C showing significantly higher levels than Groups A and B(P<0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjustment for potential confounding factors, treatment regimen remained significantly associated with HPV clearance. Compared with Group A, treatment in Group C was significantly associated with HPV clearance(OR=5.22, 95%CI: 1.59-17.42), whereas no significant difference was observed in Group B. ConclusionThe combination of the Fuzheng Jiedu prescription and interferon demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of persistent HPV infection in infertile patients, promoting HPV clearance, improving TCM syndrome manifestations, and enhancing immune function.
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LI Yue, WANG Zhikun, JIANG Haili, ZHOU Jianxin
2026,47(1):112-118 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25322
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ObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of severe laceration of perineum and establish a risk prediction model. MethodsA total of 75 full-term singleton pregnant women with severe perineal laceration during vaginal delivery from January 2010 to January 2022 were selected from the hospital information system of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University as the study group, and 225 pregnant women without severe perineal laceration were randomly selected as the control group for retrospective analysis. The risk factors for severe perineal laceration were analyzed by univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression, and a risk prediction model for severe perineal laceration was established. ResultsThe Logistic regression analysis showed that increased maternal age(OR=1.42, P<0.001), primiparity(OR=4.96, P=0.047), forceps-assisted delivery(OR=3.61, P=0.010), increased fetal weight before delivery(OR=1.003, P<0.001), gestational diabetes mellitus/ diabetes mellitus(GDM/DM)(OR=3.26, P=0.041), and a shorter duration of the second stage of labor(OR=1.02, P=0.003) were risk factors for severe perineal laceration. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed P>0.05, the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was 0.87, and decision curve analysis(DCA) showed clinically significant results. ConclusionAdvanced maternal age, primiparity, forceps-assisted delivery, large fetal weight before delivery, GDM/DM, and a shorter duration of the second stage of labor are risk factors for severe perineal laceration. The risk prediction model constructed in this study has certain predictive value for severe perineal laceration.
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ZHAO Zhiwei, JIN Wei, WU Yumeng, CHEN Liqin, LI Bingxin, WANG Hongxia, HAN Dongxu, SONG Lige, WANG Yu
2026,47(1):119-128 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25373
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo investigate serum level of meteorin-like protein and irisin, and their relationship with bone metabolism in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 233 patients with T2DM treated in Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University and 247 non-diabetic controls from Health Check-up Center. General information, physical parameters and handgrip strength were collected. Lower limb function was assessed using the short physical performance battery(SPPB). The levels of blood biochemical parameters, bone metabolism markers, and serum meteorin-like protein and irisin were detected Bone mineral density(BMD) of the lumbar spine(L1-L4), the total hip, and the left femoral neck was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0, including inter group comparisons of t test, Mann-Whitney U or Chi-square test. The Spearman correlation analysis was applied to evaluate the relationship between serum meteorin-like protein and irisin and other clinical parameters. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to analyze the relationship between these two indicators and bone metabolism markers. ResultsCompared with the control group, the T2DM group had larger waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)(both P<0.05), higher BMD at the lumbar spine(L1-L4), total hip and left femoral neck(all P<0.05), but lower hip circumference, thigh and calf circumference, grip strength and SPPB score(all P<0.05). The T2DM group also showed lower levels of hemoglobin(Hb), aspartate transferase(AST) serum creatinine(SCr), insulin, C-peptide, total cholesterol(TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), and type Ⅰ procollagen amino-terminal peptide(P1NP)(all P<0.05). The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that serum meteorin-like protein level was positively correlated with right hand grip strength, SPPB score, TC and P1NP in the total population, while negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c). In non-T2DM group, the serum meteorin-like protein level was positively correlated with TC, L1-L4 BMD and T value, total hip BMD and T value, and procollagen I N-terminal propeptide(P1NP), and negatively correlated with HbA1c. In T2DM group, the serum meteorin-like protein level was positively correlated with calf circumference, right hand grip strength, SPPB score, TC, and P1NP, and negatively correlated with HbA1c. Serum irisin level was positively correlated with thigh and calf circumference, grip strength, SPPB score, C-peptide and TC in the total population, and negatively correlated with FPG, HbA1c, and HDL-C. In non-T2DM group, the serum irisin level was positively correlated with L1-L4 BMD and T value, left femoral neck BMD and T value, and negatively correlated with HbA1c. In the T2DM group, serum irisin level was positively correlated with right hand grip strength, SPPB score, HDL-C, and P1NP, and negatively correlated with HbA1c. Multivariate regression analysis showed that after adjusting for calf circumference, right hand grip strength, FPG and BMD and T value of L1-L4, total hip and left femoral neck, SPPB score(P=0.037), HbA1c(P=0.005), meteorin-like protein(P=0.021) and irisin(P=0.043) remained independent factors associated with decreased P1NP in T2DM patients. ConclusionReduced serum level of meteorin-like protein and irisin may contribute to the low bone formation in the patients with T2DM.
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CHEN Meirong, BAI Jie, QIAO Jinling, ZHOU Yuan, YANG Juanmei, MA Huizhi
2026,47(1):129-135 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25459
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS) on chronic tinnitus and its neuropsychological effects. MethodsA single-blind, randomized study was carried out in 100 individuals suffering from chronic tinnitus. The subjects were blindly assigned to the treatment group(treated with tDCS) and the control group(received sham stimulation) using the random number table method. The anode electrode was positioned on the left temporal parietal region of each participant, while the cathode, serving as the reference electrode, was placed on the right shoulder. The stimulation protocol entailed a current intensity of 1.5mA, administered for a duration of 20 minutes each day, with a total of 10 sessions conducted over a two-week period. Both tinnitus severity and neuropsychological evaluations were conducted prior to the commencement of treatment and again three months post-treatment. ResultsAfter the treatment, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI) and Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening(HHIE-S) score did not exhibit significant alterations in the treatment group(P>0.05), whereas there was a marginal decrease in tinnitus loudness and tinnitus pain scores, with statistically significant differences observed before and after the treatment(P<0.05). Regarding neuropsychological assessment, the MoCA-B score, indicative of overall cognitive function, and short-time recall scores of AVLT in the two groups remained largely unchanged post-treatment(P>0.05). The treatment group exhibited significant improvements in both reaction time and accuracy on the Stroop color-word test post-treatment(P<0.05), whereas the control group showed no such improvements. Both the treatment and control group demonstrated statistically significant enhancements in cued recall and recognition scores of AVLT, as well as in the time taken for the trail-making test(P＜0.05). However, the control group showed statistically significant differences in the total immediate recall and delayed recall scores of AVLT before and after treatment, while the experimental group did not. Additionally, the retest scores on the HAMA and HAMD decreases significantly in both groups(all P<0.05). ConclusionTranscranial direct current anode stimulation targeted at the left temporoparietal cortex exhibits a notable efficacy in managing chronic tinnitus. This intervention alleviates both the subjective loudness and discomfort associated with tinnitus, while concurrently enhancing AVLT recognition scores reflecting auditory cognitive function, executive function(TMT and Stroop scores), as well as mitigating anxiety and depressive symptoms.
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2026,47(1):136-147 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25244
Abstract:
Breast cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence rate among women worldwide, seriously endangering the physical and mental health of the patients. With the continuous development and improvement of the modern medical model, the anxiety and depression of postoperative breast cancer patients have received more attention. Psychological intervention is recommended as the preferred treatment for the negative emotions of patients after breast cancer surgery. This review summarizes the psychological problems and underlying mechanisms experienced by patients after breast cancer surgery, investigates the effects of various psychological interventions on postoperative anxiety and depression, and explores the application potential of integrated psychological intervention and remote psychological intervention. At the same time, the neural and immune mechanisms are integrated to explain the intervention effect, in order to provide references and potential therapeutic targets for future research and clinical practice.
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GUO Min, ZHANG Guangtao, HU Xiuling, JIANG Xiudi, YAN Hongzhu
2026,47(1):148-153 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25296
Abstract:
The evolution of Helicobacter pylori(HP) histological detection technology represents an innovation history from ambiguous morphological identification to molecular precise targeting, from experience-dependent operations to intelligent analysis, and from single pathogen detection to systematic pathological evaluation. In the HP detection system, the histological in situ immunological detection technology has undergone seven generations of leapfrog development. Specifically, the indirect immunohistochemical staining combined with dual-modality substrate chromogenic method, this dual-modal immunohistochemistry(IHC) technology has emerged as a landmark achievement that breaks through the bottlenecks of traditional techniques. This review systematically integrates the technological evolutionary trajectory with transitional theoretical frameworks, deeply analyzes the value of dual-modal IHC in technological breakthroughs, interdisciplinary innovation, and clinical paradigm reconstruction, and combines the prospects of multi-marker technologies such as red-green double staining to construct a complete evolution roadmap of HP detection from pathogen localization to pathogenic mechanism elucidation.
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2026,47(1):154-159 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25488
Abstract:
Medial arterial calcification(MAC) in peripheral arteries is a vascular disorder characterized by the abnormal deposition of calcium salts in the arterial tunica media, it is strongly associated with limb ischemia, amputation risk, and revascularization failure. This review summarizes the epidemiology, key pathobiological mechanisms, and recent advances in the diagnosis and management of peripheral MAC, and outlines its potential implications for chronic limb-threatening ischemia and endovascular outcomes, aiming to inform clinical assessment, risk stratification, and individualized decision-making.
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SULAIMAN Zubaidan, YU Jian, ZHONG Shiyu, SHEN Yuan
2026,47(1):160-166 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.2097-4345.25239
Abstract:
Alzheimer disease(AD) and cancer represent two of the most significant global health challenges, and their potential coexistence and interplay have garnered growing interest. Investigating the relationship between these diseases may offer novel insights for their prevention and treatment. This paper elaborates epidemiological evidence linking AD and cancer, along with shared biological mechanisms underlying both conditions.
Volume 47,2026 Issue 1
Expert Forum
Basic Research
Clinical Research
综 述
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GOU Hongquan, BIAN Zhixuan, SUN Fenyong
2022,43(5):603-610 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.22060
Abstract:
Stress granules(SGs) are untranslated messenger ribonucleoprotein（mRNP） condensates that formed in eukaryotic cells with an inhibition of translation initiation in response to stressors. SGs dynamically isolate translationally stalled mRNAs and proteins from surrounding cytoplasm into cellular compartments. Meanwhile, SGs regulates cell survival through the recruitment of essential components in some signaling pathways by the interaction between proteins. However, the assembly and disassembly of the cellular compartments rely on intercellular phase separation. This article reviews SGs, phase separation, the roles of phase separation in the assembly and pathological mechanism of SGs and their research methods to provide information for the relationship between SGs Stress granules(SGs) are untranslated messenger ribonucleoprotein（mRNP） condensates that formed in eukaryotic cells with an inhibition of translation initiation in response to stressors. SGs dynamically isolate translationally stalled mRNAs and proteins from surrounding cytoplasm into cellular compartments. Meanwhile, SGs regulates cell survival through the recruitment of essential components in some signaling pathways by the interaction between proteins. However, the assembly and disassembly of the cellular compartments rely on intercellular phase separation. This article reviews SGs, phase separation, the roles of phase separation in the assembly and pathological mechanism of SGs and their research methods to provide information for the relationship between SGs and phase separation.
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2023,44(6):777-784 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.23330
Abstract:
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary osteoporosis(2022) developed by the Chinese Society of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Research have been recently released. On the basis of the 2017 version, the current version of guidelines have incorporated the latest developments in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, disease diagnosis and treatment options for primary osteoporosis from both domestic and international sources over the past five years to provide guidance for clinical practice. This article interprets the main updates of the new guidelines.
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LIU Li, ZHANG Guangyuan, ZHANG Fangfei, WANG Yifan, YIN Jianyong, WANG Niansong, WANG Feng
2023,44(6):805-812 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.23065
Abstract:
Objective To prepare and identify monoclonal antibodies against human IL-17C. Methods The monoclonal antibodies against human IL-17C(mAbs) with hybridoma technique using six-week-old female BALB/c mice. The titers, cross-reactivity, specificity and subclass of the mAbs were determined. The applicability of the mAb was verified by immunoassay, and the mAb 7F10 was used as primary antibody for immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results Nine hybridoma clones stably secreting mAb against human IL-17C were successfully screened out and named as 1F11, 3A3, 7F10, 9B3, 10C6, 10A7, 10B10, 12F1 and 12F7, which all possessed significant receptor-blocking activity. Further studies showed that clone 7F10 and 10A7 could cause a cross-reaction between human and mouse IL-17C; and no cross-reactivity between mAb 7F10 or 10A7 and other members of the IL-17 family was observed. Both 7F10 and 10A7 were the IgG1 subclass antibodies, and the light chain was kappa type. The mAb 7F10 as primary antibody was successfully applied in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assays. Conclusion The monoclonal antibodies against human IL-17C have been successfully prepared, among which 7F10 can be successfully applied in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical detection, indicating that 7F10 may be used for diagnosis and treatment of IL-17C-associated diseases clinically.
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2020,41(2):259-263 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2020.02.021
Abstract:
Cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKs) play a pivotal role in cell cycle regulation, which makes them a distinct therapeutic target to interfere with cell division and proliferation in cancer patients. Palbociclib is the first and specific inhibitor of CDK4/6 with excellent clinical efficacy and limited toxicity. It has been approved in combination with letrozole for the treatment of postmenopausal women with ER+ and HER2- advanced metastatic breast cancer as initial endocrine-based therapy. Extensive studies have also shown that this inhibitor may be used as a potential targeting drug for treatment of other cancers. This review describes the action and mechanism of palbociclib in breast cancer treatment and preclinical studies in other cancers, as well as prospects in the development of palbociclib.
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LIU Jian-hui, HU Jia-yong, DU Xue
2020,41(1):9-18 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2020.01.003
Abstract:
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders(PND） is an important complication of surgical anesthesia, characterized by impairment of memory, attention, language comprehension and social ability, which can lead to decreased quality of life, prolonged hospital stay, and increased mortality. Due to high incidence, it has a great impact on postoperative recovery and quality of life of patients; it also can cause heavy economic burden to the society and families, and become an important public health problem. Advanced age is a major risk factor for PND, so the study of PND has become one of the research hotspots of senile diseases. The occurrence of PND may be related to multiple factors such as anesthesia, surgery and patients themselves, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. There is lack of a clear definition and effective diagnostic test, the clinical study of PND seems to be more complex. Preoperative evaluation of neurocognitive function and risk factor identification is important to determine the true extent of PND and to look for any causal relationship associated with anesthesia and surgery, but to date, no single anesthesia technique, drug, or monitoring pattern has been shown to reduce the incidence of PND. This article summarizes studies on PND in recent years and provides relevant prevention recommendations for patients at high risk of PND.
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YU Shanshan, LI Jing, XU Zhen, CHENG Yu, ZONG Ming, FAN Lieying
2023,44(6):785-791 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.23239
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the role of exosomes derived from fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA-FLS) in macrophage(M) polarization. Methods Synovial fluid and tissue from osteoarthritis(OA） patients(n=6） and rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients（n=6）were collected, and the cytokines in joint fluid were detected using flow cytometry bead array(CBA) method. The expression of extracellular marker CD9 in the synovium was detected with immunohi-stochemical method. Primary synovial RA-FLS and OA-FLS were isolated, and the exosomes from cell-culture supernatant were identified by Western blotting and nanoparticle tracking analysis(NTA). The effects of OA-FLS and RA-FLS exosomes on the M1 and M2 phenotype genes were determined with real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR）and CBA. Results The expressions of M1 type markers（IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8）, and M2 type marker（IL-10） in RA joint fluid were significantly higher than those in the OA group. High expression of CD9 was detected in RA synovium. RA-FLS was found to secrete more exosomes than OA-FLS. Elevated gene and protein expression levels of M1 markers were found in M treated with RA-FLS derived exosomes. Conclusion RA-FLS derived exosomes can induce M1 polarization in vitro.
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LI Ping-ping, MA Tao, ZHANG Xin, WU Han-rong, SUN Yan-rong
2019,40(4):397-401 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2019.04.001
Abstract:
The neuroscience research is known as the “ultimate territory” of understanding the nature and human beings. In recent years, many countries around the world have started brain projects. And the establishment of an international brain initiative is on the way. This article summarizes the latest progresses, future perspectives, and layout strategies of the brain projects of major countries in the world. Characteristics of brain project development of these countries are analyzed, and the opportunities and problems in technology development of brain science that China is facing are also discussed.
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LI Huai-fang, SONG Si-rui, CHU Lei
2018,39(6):5-7,29 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.10080392.2018.06.002
Abstract:
Stress urinary incontinence(SUI) is a common problem suffered from by many women, and surgery is an effective therapeutic method for severe SUI. The American Urological Association(AUA) and Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine & Urogenital Reconstruction(SUFU) collected and sorted the latest clinical research evidences, jointly updated the guideline for surgical treatment of SUI in 2017. This article interprets this latest guideline and its application in the treatment of SUI.
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LIN Hao, YUAN Deqiang, CHEN Fei, LIU Xuebo
2023,44(6):925-932 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.23034
Abstract:
Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i) have been widely used for glucose-lowering therapy andalso recommended as a class Ⅰ medication for treating heart failure. However, the exact effects and mechanisms of SGLT2i in coronary heart disease(CHD) are still not fully understood. This review summarizes the pharmacological effects and relevant mechanisms of SGLT2i in CHD, particularly for improving vascular endothelial function; and also discusses limitations of related studies and future research directions.
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ZHANG Li-li, WANG Qiang-xiong, SHEN Liang-liang, JI Yan-fen, DENG Shu-wen, ZHAO Jing-jun
2018,39(1):70-75 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2018.01.014
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the molecular identification and susceptibility to antifungal agents of clinical isolates of Aspergillus species. Methods Fifty-three clinical isolates of Aspergillus were identified to species level based on Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS) and β-tubulin gene sequencing. The in vitro susceptibility to anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and amphotericin B was tested by CLSI M38-A2. Results Among 53 isolates, there were 21 strains of Aspergillus fumigatus, 16 of Aspergillus tubingensis, 5 of Aspergillus niger, 4 of Aspergillus flavus, 4 of Aspergillus terreus, 2 of A. welwitschiae and 1 of A. lentulus. The MIC90 of micafungin,anidulafungin, caspofungin, posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B were 0.031, 0.031, 0.25, 0.5, 0.5,1 and 2μg/mL.One Aspergillus fumigatus strain showed resistance to itraconazole and voriconazole. Aspergillus lentulus strain was resistant to Amphotericin B. Other strains were sensitive to 7 antifungal angents.The susceptibility of 4 species complexes to different antifungal drugs was statistically significant differences（P＜0.05）. Conclusion Echinocandins drugs have best antifungal activity against 5 Aspergillus species, followed by asoles and amphotericin B. Different species of Aspergillus show different patterns of antifungal susceptibility.
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2022,43(6):867-874 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.22119
Abstract:
The hypothalamus is an important organ for controlling food intake and energy balance, which is critical for the obesity development. Hypothalamic inflammation can result in hypothalamic leptin and insulin resistance, as well as impair signaling pathways that regulate energy homeostasis, which may be the initiator of energy regulation imbalance and obesity. Foxo1 is a nuclear transcription factor expressed abundantly in AgRP and POMC neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and has a critical role in hypothalamic inflammation and central insulin resistance；however, its molecular mechanism is still unknown. It is suggested that Foxo1 might be a key regulator of energy balance in the hypothalamus and it would be a novel therapeutic target for obesity. This review summarizes the relationship between Foxo1 and hypothalamic inflammation, as well as its role in the occurrence and progression of obesity.
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WEN Yu-hua, LIU Pei-pei, SONG Li-ge
2021,42(2):266-270 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.20380
Abstract:
Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α（PGC-1α) is a master regulator of oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial oxidative stress in various organs. In bone metabolism, PGC-1α promotes the differentiation, proliferation and mineralization of osteoblasts and inhibits the differentiation of osteoclasts. At the same time, it is important for maintaining the expression of specific genes in osteocytes. This article reviews the effects of PGC-1α on osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts to provide insight for the mechanism, diagnosis and treatment of bone metabolism-related diseases.
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2012,33(6):126-130 ,DOI: 10. 3969/j.issn1008 -0392.2012.06.030
Abstract:
Notch pathway is highly conservative and exists extensively in a variety of animals. It plays a crucial role in the biological activities of cells, including meditated cell-to-cell communication and reaction in relevant signaling pathway, regulation of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Recent research of Notch has revealed that there is a close connection between Notch signaling and cancers. Notch signal not only plays a role in the promotion of some cancers such as breast cancer, small cell lung carcinoma and melanoma, but also in suppression of other cancers like non-small cell lung carcinoma and skin cancer. This article reviews the characterization of Notch signal, specially in its promotion and suppression effect on individual cancers.
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HUANG Zi-ling, YU Xiao-ting, YI Xiang-hua
2018,39(3):123-127 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2018.03.024
Abstract:
The detection of circulating tumor cells is a new type of "liquid biopsy" technique. It has the advantages of non-invasiveness, convenience, real-time, integrity, precision and repeatability. The technique provides a clinical analysis platform from cellular to molecular levels, and makes up the deficiency of the existing methods of cancer diagnosis, to facilitate more accurate medical treatment for cancer patients. This article reviews the latest progress on the clinical application and common methods of circulating tumor cell detection.
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2018,39(2):73-78 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2018.02.014
Abstract:
ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of miR-146b-3p in peripheral blood for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MethodsPeripheral blood samples were collected from 118 patients with early NSCLC, 42 patients with benign pulmonary nodules and 48 healthy subjects. Circulating miR-15b-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-19a-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-92a-3p and miR-146b-3p were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and compared among different groups. ResultsThe expression of miR-146b-3p was significantly higher in NSCLC patients than that in patients with benign lung nodules and healthy controls. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of miR-146b-3p in differential diagnosis between NSCLC and benign lung nodules was 0.77; with the cut-off value of 0.01, the sensitivity and specificity was 75% and 71%, respectively. The AUC of miR-146b-3p in differentiating early NSCLC patients from healthy subjects was 0.93; with the cut-off value of 0.72, the sensitivity and the specificity was 89% and 84%, respectively. Logistic regression model indicated that age and miR-146b-3p were independent risk factors for early NSCLC compared to benign lung nodules, and the AUC was 0.81, with the cut-off value of 0.85, the sensitivity and the specificity was 65% and 89%. MiR-19a-3p and miR-146b-3p were independent risk factors for early NSCLC compared to healthy controls, and the AUC was 0.98, with the cut-off value of 0.90, the sensitivity and specificity was 94% and 95%, respectively. ConclusionMiR-146b-3p can differentiate early NSCLC from benign lung nodules and healthy control, indicating that it might be used as a new biomarker for early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.
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JIANG Shuo, MAO Yanjun, LU Min, CHENG Jie, CHEN Danping, LI Jinling, DING Junrong, SUN Jinglin, MO Xinxia, HUANG Yaohua
2023,44(5):735-739 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.23214
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the risk factors of falls in hospitalized elderly patient and related countermeasures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among aged ≥60 years in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Tongji University. The questionnaire contained the basic information and health status of patients, the experience of falling and related factors. The causes and characteristics of falling and its distribution were analyzed. Results A total of 6 162 valid questionnaires were collected with a recovery rate of 100.0%. There were 23 patients with the experience of falls during hospitalization with a prevalence of 0.37%. The logistic regression showed that taking antiarrhythmic drugs(OR=3.872, 95%CI: 1.702-8.808), mobility impairment(OR=3.872，95%CI: 1.702-8.808), frequent urination and frequent nocturia(OR=3.64, 95%CI: 1.149-11.534) were independent risk factors of falls in elderly patients during hospitalization. Conclusion According to the risk factors appropriate countermeasures should be taken to prevent falls in elderly patients during hospitalization.
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WANG Ya-ru, JI Hong-wei, ZHANG Yi, XU Ya-wei
2018,39(4):1-5 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2018.04.001
Abstract:
In June 2018, the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension (ESC/ESH) jointly published the “2018 ESC/ESH Arterial Hypertension Guidelines” at the ESH Annual Meeting in Barcelona, Spain. This article explains the definition, measurement and screening of hypertension. The article further explains the overall risk stratification, initial blood pressure level, office blood pressure in hypertension treatment and lifestyle intervention, drug therapy, instrument therapy for hypertension. It also brings many thoughts and inspirations for the revision of the hypertension guidelines for our country in the future.
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CONG Rui-jun, ZHANG Li-yun, WANG Miao, SONG Yu, TAO Kun
2018,39(5):77-82 ,DOI: 10.16118/j.1008-0392.2018.05.015
Abstract:
Objective To compare the posterolateral minimally invasive approach with conventional posterior-lateral approach for bipolar artificial hip replacement in elderly patients. Methods Thirty two patients aged 60-80 years scheduled to undergo bipolar artificial hip replacement were divided into two groups randomly. The posterolateral minimally invasive approach was applied in 15 patients(study group) and the conventional posterior-lateral approach was used in 17 patients(control group). The volume of intraoperative blood loss, surgery time, length of incision, SF-36 score, Harris score, VAS score, amount of analgesic, infection of incision, infection around the prosthesis, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, prosthetic cacothesis, dislocation, aseptic loosening were recorded and compared between two groups. Results The length of incision, surgery time, the volume of intraoperative blood loss in study group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05). The Harris score and SF-36 score on the second week after the operation in study group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05). No severe complications were found in both groups. Conclusion Compared to conventional posterior-lateral approach, the posterolateral minimally invasive approach in hip arthroplasty has advantage of less invasiveness during surgery, quicker rehabilitation after operation, the less use of the analgesics. But more data and longer follow-up are needed for evaluation of this approach.
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LIU Xiao-yu, YANG Yong, XIA Yun1
2012,33(5):119-124 ,DOI: 10.3969/j.issn1008 -0392.2012.05.028
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in modern society all over the world. The present article reviewed the recent research on the correlation between NF-kB and the onset, progression and treatment of cardiovascular disease. It can be expected that NF-kB signaling pathway will provide an important therapeutic pathway and target for cardiovascular disease.
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2023,44(5):631-633 ,DOI: 10.12289/j.issn.1008-0392.23286
Abstract:
With the modification of 2018 edition, the Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Psoriasis in China(2023 edition) has been developed by an expert group under the Psoriasis Committee of the Chinese Society of Dermatology. The new guideline updates the criteria for severity grading and diagnostic typing of psoriasis, and improves the concept of psoriasis comorbidities. In terms of auxiliary investigation, the new guideline recommends the application of non-invasive imaging examination; in terms of treatment, the new guideline optimizes the recommendation of traditional drugs, refines and supplements the application guidance for biological agents and small-molecule targeted agents. This article interprets the main contents of the new guideline.
