人工智能在肺动脉高压诊治中的现状和未来

Artificial intelligence in diagnosis and treatment for pulmonary hypertension: status quo and prospect

关键词:  肺动脉高压  影像学技术  人工智能  机器学习  临床诊治

Key words:  pulmonary hypertension  imaging technology  artificial intelligence  machine learning  clinical diagnosis and treatment

摘要:

肺动脉高压（pulmonary hypertension, PH）是一类由多种病因引起的严重心肺血管疾病，具有病情进展快和预后不良的特点。在PH的早期诊断、药物治疗的选择和精准医疗的实践中，人工智能（artificial intelligence, AI）展现出巨大的潜力。结合影像学技术，AI能够通过深度学习分析心电图、超声、磁共振成像以及CT图像等临床检查，提高了对PH的早期诊断和风险评估的精确度。此外，电子健康档案的大数据分析增强了对患者群体更复杂特征的理解，促使个性化药物选择成为可能。AI还在开发个性化的PH治疗方案方面发挥作用，提高了治疗效果和患者生活质量。然而，AI的使用也带来了数据安全、隐私保护和算法偏见等道德问题，这要求我们在利用这一技术时应确保透明度和公正性。未来，AI的进步将为PH患者提供更精准化的医疗服务，但在此过程中，创新的持续、跨学科合作及对伦理考量的重视是不可或缺的。

Abstract:

Pulmonary Hypertension(PH) is a serious cardiopulmonary vascular disease caused by a variety of pathological factors with rapid progression and poor prognosis. Artificial Intelligence(AI) has demonstrated significant potentials in the early diagnosis, drug therapy selection, and precision medical practice for PH. By integrating with imaging technology, AI can enhance the accuracy of early diagnosis and risk assessment for PH through deep learning analysis of electrocardiogram, ultrasound, MRI and CT scans. Furthermore, big data analysis of electronic health records has improved our understanding of complex patient profiles, making personalized drug selection feasible. AI also plays a role in developing personalized PH treatment plans, enhancing treatment efficacy and improving patient quality of life. However, the use of AI has also caused ethical concerns, such as data security, privacy protection, and algorithmic bias, suggesting that transparency and fairness are needed in the deployment of this technology. Looking ahead, advancements in AI will offer more precise medical services for patients with PH, but ongoing innovation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ethical vigilance are indispensable throughout this process.