父母体重状况与子代超重/肥胖风险的关联性分析

Associations between parental weight status and risk of overweight/obesity of children

摘要:

目的 研究不同亲子对类型、不同年龄段，父母体重状况与子代超重/肥胖风险的关联性。方法 研究对象为上海市浦东新区3个有区域代表性的社区，2021年36月在读幼儿园儿童，测量儿童身高、体重，并采用问卷调查收集父母身高和体重数据、人口学特征、家庭社会经济水平信息。共募集5 129名儿童及家庭，按儿童体重状态分为超重/肥胖组和非超重组。以儿童超重/肥胖和非超重为二分类因变量，按年龄段分层和亲子队类型分层，二分类Logistic回归分析父母体重状况与子代超重/肥胖风险的关联性。结果 5 129名儿童超重/肥胖检出率21.4%，父亲超重/肥胖检出率52.1%，母亲超重/肥胖检出率17.5%。调整儿童出生情况、运动时间、饮食习惯、母孕情况、父母年龄、社会经济水平后，与父母双方非超重相比，父母亲双方超重/肥胖所生女儿和儿子的超重/肥胖风险OR（95%CI）值为分别为3.69(2.645.15，P<0.001)、2.80(2.093.76，P<0.001)。在不同的年龄段中，父母双方超重/肥胖时3 4岁儿童超重/肥胖风险最高，OR（95%CI）值为4.18(1.6510.57，P=0.003)。母亲超重/肥胖时3 4岁儿童超重/肥胖风险最高，OR（95%CI）值为2.66(1.275.57，P=0.01)，随着年龄增加，母亲与子代关联性趋于平稳，父亲与子代的关联性变得更强。结论 父母超重/肥胖是儿童超重/肥胖的危险因素，父母双方超重/肥胖或母亲超重/肥胖对34岁儿童影响最大。父母体重状态与子代超重/肥胖风险关联性因父母体重状况、亲子对类型、儿童性别、年龄而异。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the association of parental weight status with the risk of overweight/obesity in offspring. Methods A survey was conducted on the physical development of kindergarten children from March to June 2021 among 5 129 children and their parents from 3 communities in Shanghai Pudong New Area. The body height and weight of children were measured, and an electronic questionnaire of basic information and socioeconomic status was filled by their parents. The children were categorized into an overweight/obese group and a non-overweight group based on their weight status. Binary logistic regression was employed to analyze the correlation between parental weight status and offspring overweight/obesity risk. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity in children was 21.4%, that in fathers and mothers was 52.1% and 17.5%, respectively. After adjusting for children’s birth condition, exercise time, eating habits, maternal health during pregnancy, parental age and socioeconomic level, compared with children with non-overweight parents, the risk of overweight/obese in girls and boys, whose parents were in overweight/obese, was increased(OR=3.69, 95%CI: 2.64-5.15, P<0.001 and OR=2.80, 95%CI: 2.09-3.76, P<0.001, respectively), and the risk was the highest in children aged 3 to 4 years(OR=4.18, 95%CI: 1.65-10.57, P=0.003). When the mother was overweight/obese, children aged 3 to 4 years had the highest risk of overweight/obesity(OR=2.66, 95%CI: 1.27-5.57, P=0.01). With an increase in age, the relevance between mother-offspring became leveled off; however, the relevance between father-offspring became stronger. Conclusion Parental overweight/obesity is a risk factor for overweight/obesity in offspring. The highest risk was observed in children aged 3 to 4 years when both parents are overweight/obese or when only the mother was overweight/obese. The risk of overweight/obesity in offspring varies with the weight status of parents, gender, and age of offspring.