星形胶质细胞在阿尔茨海默病中的研究进展

The roles of astrocytes in Alzheimer’s disease

摘要:

中枢神经系统中，体积最大数量最多的星形胶质细胞(astrocyte, AS)具有营养支持、调节脑血流、维持脑稳态、分泌神经胶质、参与突触修剪、免疫等功能来维持脑内稳态。近年来研究发现，在阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)病变过程中，AS不仅表现为生理功能的下降，还会促进Aβ沉积，Tau磷酸化，诱发炎症反应等，最终导致突触减少及神经元死亡。因此，本文对AS参与AD的有关机制进行系统综述。

Abstract:

Astrocytes, as the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system(CNS), are essential for maintaining the homeostasis of CNS, with the functions of nutritional supporting, regulating cerebral blood flow, secreting neuroglia, and participating in synaptic pruning. In the process of Alzheimer’s disease(AD), astrocytes decline their physiological functions, and promote the deposition of Aβ, tau phosphorylation, inflammatory reactions, and eventually synaptic reduction and neuronal death. This article reviews the research advances on the roles of astrocytes in Alzheimer’s disease.