经颅直流电刺激在慢性意识障碍中的研究进展

The research progress on the application of transcranial direct current stimulation in chronic disorders of consciousness

摘要:

颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS)作为一种非侵入性神经调控技术，在治疗昏迷、无反应觉醒综合征和微意识状态的慢性意识障碍(prolonged disorders of consciousness, pDOC)患者中展示了认知和功能恢复的潜力。目前临床应用探究了其安全性及有效性，尤其在微意识状态患者中提升了临床恢复指标。本文综述了经颅直流电刺激在慢性意识障碍治疗中的应用以及作用机制，并探讨了当前研究的局限性以及未来治疗策略的发展趋势。

Abstract:

Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS), as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, has demonstrated potential for cognitive and functional recovery in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness(pDOC), including coma, unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, and minimally conscious state. Current clinical applications have validated its safety and efficacy, particularly in enhancing clinical recovery indicators in patients with minimally conscious state. This paper reviews the application and mechanisms of transcranial direct current stimulation in the treatment of chronic disorders of consciousness and discusses the limitations of current research as well as the development trends of future therapeutic strategies.