上海某三级医院医师膳食模式及其与慢性病的关系

Dietary patterns and risk of chronic diseases in doctors of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai

关键词:  医师  膳食模式  慢性病  因子分析

Key words:  doctor  dietary pattern  chronic diseases  factor analysis

摘要:

目的研究上海某三级医院医师的膳食模式及其与慢性病的关系。方法对118例样本采集一般情况、食物频率、慢性病等信息,经前处理后用SPSS提供的因子分析获得膳食模式,描述膳食模式、分布及其与慢性病的关系。调查的118例对象中男性44例,女性74例,平均年龄(38.4±10.8)岁,平均体质量(62.6±10.0)kg。结果高血压患者20例(16.9%),血脂异常患者17例(14.4%),糖尿病患者0例。33项食物频率经前处理后转变为9大类食物频率并换算成单位体质量的食物频率,再经因子分析获得"水产果蔬"、"优质蛋白"、"传统主食"三种膳食模式,膳食模式标化因子得分以三等分(T1~T3)方式描述。男性更易接受水产果蔬和优质蛋白模式,年龄越小越易接受水产果蔬模式。控制性别、年龄后,传统主食模式(T3拟合度)为高血压的保护因素,优质蛋白模式(T3拟合度)为血脂异常的保护因素。结论该三级医院男医师更易接受水产果蔬和优质蛋白的膳食模式,传统主食模式与高血之间有良性关系,优质蛋白模式与血脂异常之间有良性关系。横断面调查中可能包含的局限性有待于在进一步研究中证实与解决。

Abstract:

Objective To survey dietary patterns and risk of chronic diseases in doctors of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai.Methods The dietary pattern and prevalence of chronic disease were surveyed in 118 doctors including 44 males and 74 females with the average age of 38.4±10.8.The distribution of dietary pattern and its correlation with chronic diseases was analyzed with SPSS software.Results The prevalence of hypertension,dyslipidemia and diabetes were 16.9%,14.4% and 0,respectively.The frequency of 33 food items of 9 types were surveyed and transformed into 3 dietary patterns： aquatic-fruit-vegetable pattern,protein pattern and traditional pattern.Patterns were described with tertiled factor scores（T1~T3）.Males preferred aquatic-fruit-vegetable pattern and protein pattern;doctors with younger ages preferred aquatic-fruit-vegetable pattern.With gender and age controlled,traditional pattern（T3） showed protective effect on hypertension amd protein pattern（T3） showed protective effect on dyslipidemia.Conclusion The results preliminarily revealed the dietary pattern and its correlation with prevalence of chronic diseases among doctors,further investigations are needed due to the limitation of cross-section study.