潍坊市奎文区2010—2012年居民死因分析

Causes of death among residents of Weifang Kuiwen District from 2010 to 2012

关键词:  死因分析  死亡率  潜在寿命损失

Key words:  death causes analysis  mortality  potential years of life lost

摘要:

目的 了解潍坊市奎文区居民死因分布和寿命损失情况,为疾病防控和卫生决策提供科学依据。方法按照国际疾病分类(ICD-10)将2010—2012年潍坊市奎文区居民死因资料进行根本死因分类,使用SPSS 20.0和Excel 2010进行数据整理和统计分析,计算粗死亡率、死因顺位和寿命损失等指标。结果 该区居民年平均死亡率为717.65/10万,男性874.43/10万,女性559.79/10万,男性粗死亡率高于女性(χ²=499.63,P<0.001)；居民前5位死因为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤中毒、呼吸系统疾病、诊断不明疾病,占全死因的90.84%；肿瘤位于0~14岁组和45~64岁组死因首位,构成比为15.96%和38.25%,损伤中毒占15~44岁组死亡数的构成比为40.96%。循环系统疾病占≥65岁组死亡数的构成比为46.79%；其中肿瘤造成的潜在寿命损失年数最大,为25452人年；损伤中毒位于平均潜在寿命损失年数首位,为26.02年。结论 慢性非传染性疾病和损伤中毒是该区居民健康的主要威胁,应根据该区居民死因分布采取针对性的预防控制措施。

Abstract:

Objective To survey the causes of death among residents in Weifang Kuiwen District. Methods The data of death among residents in Weifang Kuiwen District from 2010 to 2012 were collected. The causes of death were classified with ICD-10. The crude mortality rate, and potential years of life lost (PYLL) were analyzed with software SPSS 20.0 and Excel 2010. Results The crude mortality rate was 717.65/100000 in Kuiwen District of Weifang from 2010 to 2012; the mortality rate of males (874.43/100000) was higher than that in females (559.79/100000). The top five causes of death were circulatory system diseases, cancers, injuries and poisoning, respiratory system diseases and unknown cause, and accounted for 90.84% of all deaths. The leading cause of death in two age groups (0-14 y and 45-64 y) was cancers, and accounted for 15.96% and 38.25%, respectively; that in age group (15-44 y) was injuries and poisoning, and accounted for 40.96%; that in age group (≥65 y) was circulatory system diseases, and accounted for 46.79%. The PYLL of cancer was 25452 years, the AYLL of injuries and poisoning was 26.02 years. ConclusionChronic non-communicable diseases, injuries and poisoning are the main causes of death in residents of Weifang Kuiwen District.