基质金属蛋白酶家族与卵巢疾病的研究进展

Research progress on matrix metalloproteinases family and ovarian diseases

关键词:  基质金属蛋白酶  卵泡发育  多囊卵巢综合征  早发性卵巢功能不全  子宫内膜异位症  卵巢癌

Key words:  matrix metalloproteinases  follicular development  polycystic ovary syndrome  prema-ture ovarian insufficiency  endometriosis  ovarian cancer

摘要:

基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs)家族为钙依赖的含锌内肽酶，可靶向切割细胞膜蛋白及细胞外基质(extracellular Matrix, ECM)蛋白。MMPs作为水解ECM的关键酶类，能分解卵泡膜细胞、颗粒细胞及卵泡液中的纤维蛋白、胶原蛋白等重要物质，参与卵巢生殖细胞形成与分化、激素合成与分泌、卵泡腔的形成与扩张、排卵、黄体形成及闭锁等生理过程。MMPs异常表达则可能诱导卵巢疾病的发生发展，损害女性生殖健康，因此进一步了解MMPs对卵巢局部的生理作用及其分子机制将有助于为妇科疾病及生殖相关疾病的诊断、治疗、风险及预后评估提供参考价值。

Abstract:

Matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) are calcium-dependent zinc-containing endopeptidases that target cell membrane and extracellular matrix proteins. As a key enzyme for the hydrolysis of extracellular matrix, they can decompose important substances such as fibrin and collagen in follicular membrane cells, granulosa cells and follicular fluid. MMPs are involved in the formation and differentiation of ovarian germ cells, hormone synthesis and secretion, formation and expansion of follicle cavity, ovulation, luteal formation and atresia and other physiological processes. Abnormal expression of MMPs may induce the occurrence and development of various ovarian diseases and damage female reproductive function. Therefore,to further understand the local physiological effect and molecular mechanism of MMPs on ovary will be conducive to the diagnosis, treatment, risk and prognosis assessment of female reproductive diseases.