上海市宝山区百岁老人贫血与营养状态的关系

A survey on relationship between anemia and nutritional status among centenarians in Shanghai Baoshan district

关键词:  百岁老人  贫血  营养状态

Key words:  centenarians  anemia  nutritional status

摘要:

目的 调查上海市宝山区百岁老人贫血与营养不良患病率，探讨贫血与传统临床营养测量指标、微型营养评价精法(short-form mininutritional assessment, MNA-SF)及控制营养状况（controlling nutritional status, CONUT）的关系。方法 于2023年11月—2024年2月逐一入户走访调研区内≥100岁百岁老人50例。调查包括人体学测量、实验室营养生化指标、MNA-SF、CONUT，统计百岁老人贫血患病率、营养风险与营养不良患病率，分析百岁老人贫血与传统临床营养测量指标、MNA-SF及CONUT的关系。结果 根据体重指数标准，百岁老人营养不良率为30.0%（15例）；根据MNA-SF评分标准，百岁老人营养不良率为32.0%（16例）；根据COUNT评分标准，百岁老人营养不良率为54.0%（27例），其中轻度、中度营养不良分别为38.0%（19例）、16.0%（8例），无重度营养不良；百岁老人贫血患病率为52.0%（26例）。百岁老人贫血组与非贫血组比较，COUNT评分有统计学意义（P<0.05）。百岁老人血红蛋白水平与体重呈正相关（r=0.339，P<0.05），与小腿围呈正相关（r=0.281，P<0.05），与COUNT评分呈明显负相关（r=-0.454，P<0.01）。结论 百岁老人普遍存在贫血及营养不良，贫血与营养状态关系密切。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between anemia and malnutrition among centenarians in Shanghai Baoshan district. prevalence of anemia and malnutrition of centenarians in Baoshan District, Shanghai, and to explore the traditional clinical nutritional measurement indicators. Methods Fifty elderly residents aged ≥100 years in Shanghai Baoshan district were surveyed from November 2023 to February 2024. The contents of survey included anthropometric measurements, laboratory nutritional and biochemical indicators, short-form mininutritional assessment(MNA-SF) and controlling nutritional status(CONUT), respectively. The prevalence of anemia, nutritional risk, and malnutrition among centenarians was calculated, and the relationship between anemia and malnutrition was analyzed. Results According to the criterian based on body mass index the malnutrition rate of the study population was 30.0%（15/50）; for MNA-SF score the malnutrition risk rate was 54.0(27/50) and malnutrition rate was 32.0%（16/50）; and for COUNT score the malnutrition rate was 54.0%（27/50）, among which mild and moderate malnutrition rate was 38.0%（19/50）and 16.0%（8）and there was no severe malnutrition. The prevalence of anemia among study subjects was 52.0%（26/50）. Compared with the non anemia group, the COUNT scores in anemia group were significantly higher(P<0.05). The hemoglobin level of centenarians was positively correlated with body weight(r=0.339, P<0.05), calf circumference(r=0.281, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with COUNT score(r=-0.454, P<0.01). Conclusion Anemia and malnutrition are generally prevalent among centenarians, anemia is closely related to nutritional status.