上海市石泉社区残疾人签约服务和康复需求状况分析

Present status of contract services and rehabilitation needs of persons with disabilities in Shiquan community in Shanghai

关键词:  家庭医生签约服务  残疾人  康复需求

Key words:  family doctor contract service  disabled persons  rehabilitation needs

摘要:

目的 分析上海市石泉社区残疾人群签约服务现状和康复需求，为社区残疾人群康复工作开展提供科学依据。 方法 2023年1—6月对辖区内3 218名持证残疾人进行问卷调查，分析上海市该社区残疾人签约服务和康复需求现状。 结果 辖区内3 218名持证残疾人，其中2 612名已签约家庭医生，签约覆盖率81.2%。与已签约的残疾人群相比，未签约残疾人群年龄更小、受教育程度更高、有着更多的康复需求及更少的疾病患病率(P＜0.05)。全体残疾人康复需求排名前三位的是知识宣传(59.14%)、健康体检(18.52%)和心理疏导(6.90%)。已签约家庭医生的人群(β=-0.019，95%CI: -0.154~ -0.004)和更高教育程度的人群(β=-0.075，95%CI: -0.122~ -0.043)与更少的康复需求相关，而年龄≥60岁(β=0.046，95%CI: 0.017~0.173)、有高血压病史(β=0.045，95%CI: 0.002~0.154)、视力残疾(β=0.266，95%CI: 0.101~0.432)及精神残疾(β=0.247，95%CI: 0.538~0.893)的人群，容易出现更多的康复需求。 结论 在今后社区康复工作中，需进一步扩大家庭医生签约覆盖面，为残疾人提供精准康复，特别是在知识宣传、健康体检和心理疏导方面的服务；特别关注年龄≥60岁、有高血压病史、视力和精神残疾人群。

Abstract:

Objective To analyze present status of contract services and rehabilitation needs of the disabled in Shiquan community, and to provide scientific basis for the next step of community rehabilitation. Methods From January to June 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 218 licensed disabled persons in the area to analyze present status of contract services and rehabilitation needs of the disabled in Shiquan community, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results Of the 3 218 certified disabled individuals in the district, 2 612(81.2%) had signed up with family doctors. Compared with disabled persons who had signed the contract with family doctors, disabled persons who had not signed the contract were younger, and had higher levels of education, more rehabilitation needs, and lower incidence of diseases(all P<0.05). The top three rehabilitation needs for all disabled person were knowledge education(59.14%), medical examination(18.52%), and psychological counseling(6.90%). Disabled persons who had utilized the family doctor contract service(β=-0.019, 95%CI: -0.154--0.004) and those with higher education levels(β=-0.075, 95%CI: -0.122--0.043) tended to have fewer rehabilitation needs. Conversely, those who aged 60 years and above(β=0.046, 95%CI: 0.017-0.173), with a history of hypertension(β=0.045, 95%CI: 0.002-0.154), had visual disabilities(β=0.266, 95%CI: 0.101-0.432), and had mental disabilities(β=0.247, 95%CI: 0.538-0.893) tended to have more rehabilitation needs. Conclusion In the future community rehabilitation work, it is necessary to further expand the coverage of family doctor contract service and provide precise rehabilitation services for people with disabilities, especially in knowledge education, medical examination, and psychological counseling. Special attention should be paid to individuals aged 60 years and above, those with a history of hypertension, and those with vision and mental disabilities.