出生体质量与体质量指数、腰围及体脂肪含量关系研究

The association of birth weight with body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat content in primary school students

关键词:  出生体质量  体质量指数  腰围  体脂肪含量

Key words:  birth weight  body mass index  waist circumference  percentage of body fat

摘要:

目的　研究出生体质量与体质量指数（body mass index， BMI）、腰围和体脂肪含量之间的关系。方法　采用回顾性横断面研究方法收集上海市浦东新区高行镇2 561例学生为研究对象其中男生1 338人，女生1 223人。采集身高、体质量、腰围和体脂肪含量（生物电阻抗法）指标。出生体质量依据出生证明获得。出生后喂养情况、儿童每天运动时间、每月快餐次数、每周加工肉类、油炸食品、碳酸饮料频次、父母教育程度采用问卷调查获得。出生体质量与BMI腰围和体脂肪含量的关系采用广义线性模型，出生体质量与肥胖发生危险因素的关系采用多元Logistic回归分析。结果　本组学生平均出生体质量为(3 3391±4502) g，平均年龄为(92±21)岁。随着出生体质量增加，学生BMI、腰围和体脂肪含量也明显增加（均有P<0001）。每单位SD（≈450 g）出生体质量增长，可导致BMI增长025 kg/m2、腰围增长066 cm、体脂肪含量增加023个百分点。与出生体质量处于第一四分位组的学生相比较，出生体质量位于最高百分位组学生发生肥胖的危险因素增加42%（OR=142,95%CI为105~192）。结论　出生体质量较高的儿童其BMI和腰围明显高于出生体质量较低的儿童。高出生体质量是肥胖发生的危险因素之一。

Abstract:

Objective　To investigate the association of birth weight with body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat content in primary school students. Methods　A total of 2 561 students（boys 1 338, girls 1 223) aged 6-14 years from 5 primary schools in Gaohang township of Shanghai Pudong New Area were enrolled in the study. The height, body weight were measured and percentage of body fat was analyzed by bioelectrical impedance method; the birth weight was collected from birth certificate. The information about feeding pattern, average sport time per day, frequency of fast food（per month), processed meat（per week), fried food（per week), carbonated beverage（per week), and the highest parental education level were collected from parents by completing a questionnaire. The association of birth weight with BMI, waist circumference, and percentage of body fat was assessed by generalized linear model. The relative risk of birth weight for obesity was analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results　The average age of participants was(92±21) years and their average birth weight was(3 3391±4502) g. Greater birth weight was associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, and percentage of body fat（all trend P<0001). One SD（≈450 g) increase of birth weight was associated with an increase of 025 kg/m2 in BMI, 066 cm in waist circumference, and 023% in percentage of body fat. The odd ratio of obesity was 142（95%CI： 105-122) between the two extremist quartile groups. Conclusion　Increased birth weight is associated with higher BMI, waist circumference, and percentage of body fat. Birth weight was a risk factor for future obesity in Chinese school students.