下颌第二磨牙远中深牙周袋的成因和治疗研究进展

Current views on risk factors andtreatment for deep periodontal pocket at the distal aspect of mandibular second molars

关键词:  下颌第二磨牙  牙周袋  下颌第三磨牙  引导骨组织再生术

Key words:  mandibular second molar  periodontal pocket  mandibular third molar  guided bone regeneration

摘要:

由于解剖因素以及下颌第三磨牙的影响，下颌第二磨牙远中处的口腔卫生难以维护，易导致牙周炎症的发生从而形成深牙周袋。机械清创对此处的疗效往往不佳，因此需要进一步的治疗。现存多种改善下颌第二磨牙远中深牙周袋的治疗方法: 冠切除术、引导骨组织再生术等，但对于不同方法的临床治疗效果仍有争议。本文就下颌第二磨牙远中深牙周袋的形成原因、治疗方法及其效果进行综述，以期为下颌第二磨牙远中深牙周袋的治疗提供理论基础。早期拔除下颌第三磨牙有利于下颌第二磨牙远中牙周状况的改善，引导骨组织再生术有利于下颌第二磨牙远中深牙周袋的愈合。

Abstract:

Due to the anatomical factors and influence of mandibular third molar, the hygiene of the distal part of the mandibular second molar is difficult to be maintained, leading to periodontal inflammation and the formation of the deep periodontal pocket. Subgingival debridement may not always moderate the probing depth, therefore, further treatment is needed. At present, there are many ways to heal the deep pocket of mandibular second molar, such as coronectomy, guided bone regeneration and so on. However, it is still controversial on the clinical effect of different methods. This article reviews the cause and treatments of the deep pocket in the distal part of mandibular second molar. Early extraction mandibular third molar can be beneficial to improve the distal periodontal condition of the mandibular second molar; and guided bone regeneration can be beneficial to the healing of the distal deep periodontal pocket of the mandibular second molar.