纳米示踪剂在移植干细胞活体示踪中的研究进展

Research progress of nano-imaging-agents in the tracing of transplanted stem cells in vivo

关键词:  干细胞示踪  纳米示踪剂  活体示踪

Key words:  stem cell tracing  nano-imaging-agents  in vivo tracing

摘要:

近年来，干细胞的再生潜能受到越来越多的关注，干细胞疗法在很多重大疑难疾病临床前实验中显现出的良好治疗效果，让人们对其临床应用充满期待。但由于缺乏有效的干细胞标记探针，干细胞移植后的在体命运转归无法被准确监测，导致其治疗机制和直接疗效不够明朗，这严重阻碍了干细胞疗法的临床转化。最近，一些成像效果稳定、优异的纳米示踪剂的出现给干细胞活体示踪技术的发展带来了新的希望。本文按成像方法分类，对这些纳米示踪剂在移植干细胞活体示踪中的典型应用案例进行了简要综述，重点关注那些可以对干细胞的活死及分化功能状态进行示踪的工作，希望对此领域的未来发展有所启发。

Abstract:

In recent years, stem cells have received more and more attention due to their therapeutic and regenerative potentials. Although stem cell therapies are promising for treating many incurable diseases such as Parkinsons disease and myocardial infarction as shown in preclinical studies, it is difficult to accurately evaluate the efficacy and therapeutic mechanism due to the lack of effective tracers for the transplanted stem cells in vivo, which greatly hampers its clinic applications. Recently, many pioneer work have shown that nanoparticles with stable and superior imaging capability can serve as probes for in vivo tracking of transplanted stem cells. This article summarizes some typical work of different imaging techniques and special attention is given to those research work which has realized imaging the living/dead states and the function of transplanted stem cells that is the most important but difficult part of stem cell tracing. At last, a brief outlook was given to expect the future development of in vivo stem cell tracing with these nanoagents.